ISC Season 12The tenth Physics Curriculum 2023: Physics is an elective subject at ISC Class 12 and forms an essential part of the Science course. It is a challenging subject with a broad syllabus. However, for engineering aspirants, physics is a subject to study. Even students in the medical field have to study Physics as it is part of most higher education entrance exams such as NEET and AIIMS. Physics requires a deep understanding of concepts and critical thinking to solve questions. However, knowing the correct syllabus for the ISC Grade 12 Physics Board Exam is also important so that you do not over- or under-prepare. Class 12 of Physics at ISC (code: 861) consists of two papers: theoretical and practical. We have covered ISC Grade 12 Physics syllabus along with unit weight and practical work details. Read and download latest and reference ISC Grade 12 Physics Syllabus 2023 pdf here.
ISC Class 12th Datesheet 2023: Check full date sheet with instructions here
ISC Council class 12 Physics curriculum
ISC class 12 physics subject is divided into two papers: theoretical and practical. Paper 1: Theory holds 70 marks and the duration is 3 hours. The practical test will carry 30 marks (15 marks for practical work, 10 marks for project work, and 5 marks for practical file). Check here ISC Board class 12 physics syllabus with unit weight.
|
S. no. |
lonliness |
Total weight |
|
1. |
Static electricity |
14 marks |
|
2. |
electric current |
|
|
3. |
Magnetic effects of current and magnetism |
16 marks |
|
4. |
Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents |
|
|
5. |
Electromagnetic waves |
|
|
6. |
optics |
20 marks |
|
7. |
The dual nature of radiation and matter |
13 marks |
|
8. |
Atoms and nuclei |
|
|
9. |
electronic devices |
7 marks |
|
sum |
70 marks |
|
The first paper – archaeological – 70 marks
Noticeable: (i) Unless otherwise specified, only SI units are used during teaching and learning, as well as for answering questions.
(ii) All physical quantities must be specified when presented along with their units and dimensions.
(3) Numerical problems from all subjects are included except where they are specifically excluded or where only qualitative treatment is required.
- Static electricity
(i) Electric charges and fields
Electric Charges Conservation and Estimation of Charge, Coulomb’s Law; The principle of superposition and continuous charge distribution.
Electric field, electric field generated by a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field generated by a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
Electric flux, Gauss’s theory of electrostatics and its applications for finding a field due to an infinitely long straight wire, an infinite uniformly charged planar slab and a uniformly charged thin spherical shell.
(a) Coulomb’s law, the SI unit of charge; Free space permittivity and dielectric medium. Frictional electricity, electric charges (two types); Repulsion and attraction. Simple atomic structure – electrons and ions. conductors and insulators. quantization and preservation of electric charge; Coulomb’s law in vector form; (Location coordinates p1s2 It is not necessary). Compare with Newton’s law of gravity. superposition principle.
(b) the concept of electric field and its intensity; examples from different fields; electric and magnetic gravity; Electric field due to point charge = /q0 (F0 is a test charge); for a group of charges (the principle of superposition); point charge q in an electrician
The field experiences an electric force e = q is the density resulting from the continuous distribution of charge, i.e. linearity, surface and volume. p p
(c) Electric lines of force: a convenient way to visualize the electric field; Characteristics of lines of force Examples of lines of force due to (1) an isolated point charge (+ve and -ve); (2) a dipole, (3) two similar charges at a small distance; (4) A uniform field between two parallel, oppositely charged plates.
(d) electric dipole and dipole moment; derive the point at a point, (1) on the axis (end at position) (2) on the perpendicular bisector (equatorial i.e. side wide at position) for a dipole, and also for r>>2l (dipole is short); a dipole in a uniform electric field; The net force is zero, the torque on the electric dipole: = x and its derivation.
Applications: Obtaining an expression due to 1. an infinite line of charge, 2. an infinite uniformly charged flat thin plate, 3. a hollow thin spherical shell (inside, on the surface and outside). Graphical contrast of E versus r for a thin spherical shell. e
(2) Electrostatic potential, potential energy and capacitance
electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, dipole and system charges; Equipotential surfaces, the electric potential energy of a system of two point charges and an electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, free charges and charges bound within a conductor. Dielectrics and electricity Polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is the energy stored in a capacitor.
(b) conductor capacitance C = Q/V; Get the capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor (C = ∈0A/d) and the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel groups. Getting
Express the stored energy (U = 1/2CV2 = 1/2 QV = 1/2Q2/c) and energy density.
(c) dielectric constant K = C’/C; This is also called the relative permittivity K = ∈r = ∈/∈o; preliminary ideas of matter polarization in a discussion of the quality of a uniform electric field; The induced surface charges weaken the original field; leads to a consequent decrease in pd(V); For the remaining charge as Q = CV = C’ V’ = K. CV’; V’ = V/K; And the; If the capacitor remains connected to the emf source, then V remains constant V = Q/C = Q’/C’; Q’ = C’V = K.CV = K.Q increments; For a parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric in between, C’ = KC = K.∈o. A / d = ∈r .∈o .A / d. Then C” = ∈0a / (d / ∈s); For a capacitor partially filled with dielectric, capacitance, C’ = ∈oA/(dt + t/∈r).
- electric current
The mechanism of current flow in conductors. Motion and drift velocity and their relationship to electric current; Ohm’s law and its proof, resistance and resistivity, and their relationship to the drift velocity of electrons; The sixth properties (linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and force, electrical resistance and conductivity. Temperature dependence of resistance and resistance.
Cell internal resistance, potential difference and emf of the cell, series and parallel cell array, Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications, Wheatstone bridge, multimeter bridge. potentiometer – principle and its applications for measuring a potential difference, for comparing the emf of two cells; To measure the internal resistance of the cell.
(a) The free electron theory of conduction; acceleration of free electrons, relaxation time τ; electric current I = Q/t; Concept of drift velocity and electron motion. Ohm’s law, current density J = I/A; experimental validation, graphs and slopes, ohmic and non-ohmic conductors; Obtaining the relation I = vDren derive σ = ne2τ/m and ρ = m/ni2; Effect of temperature on impedance and resistivity of conductors and semiconductors, graphs. resistance R = V/I; resistance ρ given by R = ρ.l/A; conductivity and conductivity. Ohm’s law k = σ
(b) the electrical energy consumed at time t is E = Pt = VIt; Using Ohm’s Law E = V.2/Rt = me2RT. potential difference V = P/I; P = VI; Electrical energy consumed P = VI = V2 / R = i2 s ; Commercial units electricity consumption and billing.
(c) The source of energy for an emf seat (such as a cell) may be electrical, mechanical, thermal or radiant energy. The emf of the source is defined as the work done per unit charge to force them to travel to the highest point of voltage (from -ve terminal to +five terminals inside the cell) Therefore, ε = dW/dq; but dq = Idt; dW = εdq = εIdt. Equating the total work done to the work done across the external resistor R plus the work done across the internal resistance r; εIdt = i2R dt + i2rdt. ε = i(R + r); i = ε / (R + r); Also IR + Ir = ε or V = ε- Ir where Ir is called back emf because it acts against emf ε; V is the terminal pd. Derive formulas to combine identical cells into series, parallel, and mixed groups. Parallel combination of two cells of unequal emf. Series array of n cells of unequal emf.
(d) State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws with simple examples. The first is the law of conservation of charge and the second is the law of conservation of energy. Note the change in voltage across the resistor ΔV = IR <0 عندما نذهب `` لأسفل '' مع التيار (قارن مع تدفق الماء في النهر) ، و ΔV = IR> 0 if we go up against the current through the resistor. When we pass through a cell, the -ve terminal is at a lower level and the +ve terminal is at a higher level, so by going from -V to +ve across the cell, we go up and
ΔV = + ε and going from +V to the end across the cell, we’re sliding, so ΔV = -. Application to simple circuits. Wheatstone Bridge; At first, take Ig = 0 because we consider a balanced bridge, deriving R1/ s2 = p3/ s4 [Kirchhoff’s law not necessary]. The multimeter bridge is a modified form of the Whetstone bridge, and is used to measure unknown resistance. Here is R3 = l1ρ and R.4= l2ρ; R3/ s4= l1/ Liter2. Potentiometer principle: the drop in voltage ΔV αΔl; The additional emf ε1 is balanced against the drop in potential V1 across the length l1. ε1 = V.1 = Kl1 ; ε1/ e2 = l1/ Liter2; A potentiometer is like a voltmeter. Potential gradient and potentiometer sensitivity. Potentiometer use: to compare the emfs of two cells, to determine the internal resistance of the cell.
Download and read the complete ISC Grade 12 Physics Syllabus 2022-23 below
ISC semester 12 board exams are fast approaching and the schedule of dates is also out. Now is the time to start experimenting with mock tests. It boosts confidence and provides students with an idea of what to do and what not to do in final exams. Check out ISC Class 12 Mock Tests here.